Match the following terms with the correct definition:


_____Endergonic reaction a. Energy in motion
_____Potential energy b. Energy stored in chemical bonds
_____Electrical energy c. Reaction that consumes energy
_____Anabolic reaction d. A decomposition reaction
_____Oxidation-reduction reaction e. The energy of moving charged particles
_____Chemical energy f. Stored energy     
_____Catabolic reaction g. Synthesis reaction     
_____Kinetic energy h. Reaction where electrons are transferred between reactants

Key Concepts

Endergonic Reaction

An endergonic reaction is a type of chemical reaction that requires an input of energy to proceed. This means that the products of the reaction have higher energy than the reactants, making it non-spontaneous. These reactions are essential in biological processes, such as photosynthesis, where energy from sunlight is absorbed to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose.

Kinetic and Potential Energy

Kinetic energy is the energy of motion, which can be observed in moving objects, including molecules in a gas or liquid. In contrast, potential energy is stored energy, such as that found in chemical bonds or an object at height. Understanding the distinction between these two forms of energy is crucial in fields like thermodynamics and biochemistry, as they play significant roles in energy transformations.

Oxidation-Reduction Reaction

An oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction involves the transfer of electrons between reactants, resulting in changes to their oxidation states. Oxidation refers to the loss of electrons, while reduction refers to the gain of electrons. These reactions are fundamental in various biological processes, including cellular respiration and photosynthesis, as they facilitate energy transfer and storage.