Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Protein Synthesis
Protein synthesis is the biological process through which cells generate proteins. It involves two main stages: transcription, where DNA is converted into messenger RNA (mRNA), and translation, where the mRNA is used as a template to assemble amino acids into a polypeptide chain, ultimately forming a protein.
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Translation
Translation is the second stage of protein synthesis, occurring in the ribosome. During this process, the sequence of nucleotides in mRNA is read in sets of three (codons), and transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules bring the corresponding amino acids to the ribosome, where they are linked together to form a protein.
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Introduction to Translation
Role of tRNA
Transfer RNA (tRNA) plays a crucial role in translation by carrying specific amino acids to the ribosome. Each tRNA molecule has an anticodon that pairs with a corresponding codon on the mRNA, ensuring that the correct amino acid is added to the growing polypeptide chain, which is essential for accurate protein synthesis.
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Ribosomal tRNA Binding Sites