Textbook Question
Plasma contributes approximately _____ percent of the volume of whole blood, and water accounts for _____ percent of the plasma volume.
(a) 55, 92
(b) 25, 55
(c) 92, 55
(d) 35, 72
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Ch. 19 Blood
Martini, Nath, Bartholomew11th EditionFundamentals of Anatomy & PhysiologyISBN: 9780136874089
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Table of contents
- Ch. 1 An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology26
- Ch. 2 The Chemical Level of Organization34
- Ch. 3 The Cellular Level of Organization30
- Ch. 4 The Tissue Level of Organization24
- Ch. 5 The Integumentary System17
- Ch. 6 Bones and Bone Structure36
- Ch. 7 The Axial Skeleton11
- Ch. 8 The Appendicular Skeleton17
- Ch. 9 Joints13
- Ch. 10 Muscle Tissue12
- Ch. 11 The Muscular System28
- Ch. 12 Nervous Tissue18
- Ch. 13 The Spinal Cord, Spinal Nerves, and Spinal Reflexes22
- Ch. 14 The Brain and Cranial Nerves20
- Ch. 15 Sensory Pathways and the Somatic Nervous System17
- Ch. 16 The Autonomic Nervous System and Higher-Order Functions30
- Ch. 17 The Special Senses16
- Ch. 18 The Endocrine System20
- Ch. 19 Blood31
- Ch. 20 The Heart31
- Ch. 21 Blood Vessels and Circulation29
- Ch. 22 The Lymphatic System and Immunity31
- Ch. 23 The Respiratory System12
- Ch. 24 The Digestive System18
- Ch. 26 The Urinary System31
- Ch. 27 Fluids & Electrolytes32
- Ch. 28 The Reproductive System12
- Ch. 29 Development and Inheritance23
Martini, Nath, Bartholomew11th EditionFundamentals of Anatomy & PhysiologyISBN: 9780136874089Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 19, Problem 5
Serum is:
(a) The same as blood plasma
(b) Plasma minus the formed elements
(c) Plasma minus the proteins
(d) Plasma minus fibrinogen
(e) Plasma minus the electrolytes
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the components of blood. Blood consists of formed elements (cells like red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets) suspended in plasma, which is the liquid portion containing water, electrolytes, proteins, and other substances.
Step 2: Define plasma. Plasma is the fluid part of blood that includes water, electrolytes, proteins (such as albumin, globulins, and fibrinogen), nutrients, hormones, and waste products, but it still contains clotting factors like fibrinogen.
Step 3: Define serum. Serum is the fluid that remains after blood has clotted and the clot has been removed. This means serum is plasma without the clotting proteins, primarily fibrinogen.
Step 4: Compare the options given. Since serum is plasma minus the clotting proteins, especially fibrinogen, the correct description is 'plasma minus fibrinogen'.
Step 5: Conclude that the correct answer corresponds to the option describing serum as plasma without fibrinogen, which is option (d).
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Blood Plasma
Blood plasma is the liquid component of blood that contains water, electrolytes, proteins, nutrients, hormones, and waste products. It serves as a transport medium for cells and various substances throughout the body. Plasma includes clotting factors such as fibrinogen.
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Serum
Serum is the fluid portion of blood obtained after clotting has occurred, meaning it is plasma without the clotting proteins like fibrinogen. It contains electrolytes, antibodies, antigens, hormones, and other proteins but lacks fibrinogen and other clotting factors.
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Difference Between Plasma and Serum
The key difference is that plasma contains fibrinogen and other clotting factors, while serum does not because these are consumed during clot formation. Understanding this distinction helps in interpreting blood tests and clinical diagnostics.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
Stem cells responsible for lymphocytopoiesis are located in:
(a) The thymus and spleen
(b) The lymph nodes
(c) The red bone marrow
(d) All of these structures
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Textbook Question
The following is a list of the phases involved in the process of hemostasis:
- Coagulation
- Fibrinolysis
- Vascular spasm
- Retraction
- Platelet phase
The correct sequence of these phases is:
(a) 5, 1, 4, 2, 3
(b) 3, 5, 1, 4, 2
(c) 2, 3, 5, 1, 4
(d) 3, 5, 4, 1, 2
(e) 4, 3, 5, 2, 1
926
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Textbook Question
Blood temperature is approximately ___, and blood pH averages ___.
(a) 36 °C, 7.0
(b) 39 °C, 7.8
(c) 38 °C, 7.4
(d) 37 °C, 7.0
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Textbook Question
The formed elements of the blood include:
(a) Plasma, fibrin, and serum
(b) Albumins, globulins, and fibrinogen
(c) WBCs, RBCs, and platelets
(d) All of these
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Textbook Question
A hemoglobin molecule is composed of:
(a) Two protein chains
(b) Three protein chains
(c) Four protein chains and nothing else
(d) Four protein chains and four heme groups
(e) Four heme groups but no protein
737
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