2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components
Endomembrane System: Protein Secretion
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In this video, we're going to begin our introduction to the endomembrane system and to one of the major functions of the endomembrane system, which is protein secretion. And so the endomembrane system can be defined as a group of membrane bound organelles that are inside of a eukaryotic cell. And so the root endo and endomembrane system means inside, and so you can see that we're talking about membranes that are found on the inside of the cell. And the system here is really just, referring to the fact that it's made up of a group of organelles, and all of these organelles are membrane bound, meaning that their boundaries are made up of membranes. Now the endomembrane system includes many different organelles that we're going to mention down below in this table. However, all of these organelles that are part of the endomembrane system are interconnected to each other by these structures that are called vesicles. And so vesicles is just a fancy name for these tiny little membrane bubbles that can carry materials on the inside. And so all of these organelles that are part of the endomembrane system, they are interconnected, by these vesicles, and we'll get to see examples of vesicles as we move forward in our course. Now the endomendobraining system has a lot of different functions. It has multiple functions, and we're not gonna talk about all of the different functions. We're mainly going to focus on 2 of its functions. And, those include protein secretion, as well as cellular digestion. And so notice that down below in our example here, we have a table that shows the organelles of the endomembrane system. And notice that behind them, we have this green color coding that links, the organelles that we're gonna talk about in our course moving forward that are involved with protein secretion. And then, notice that in yellow, we have the organelles that are involved, with cellular digestion that we're gonna talk about moving forward in our course. And then, over here with this white background, we have the cell membrane, which we're not gonna focus on in this, particular portion of our lesson. We'll talk more about cell membranes, later in a different, lesson. However, what you'll see is that all of these numbers that you see here are showing you organelles that are part of the endomembrane system, and we have them grouped based on their functions, whether they're involved with protein secretion or cellular digestion. So moving forward in our course, we're gonna focus mainly on the organelles that are involved with protein secretion, which include the nuclear envelope or the nucleus of the eukaryotic cell, the endoplasmic reticulum of the eukaryotic cell, the Golgi apparatus, as well as transport vesicles, which we mentioned again are these little membrane bubbles. And then later in our course, we'll get to talk more about the, organelles of the endomembrane system that are involved in cellular digestion, which include, the lysosomes and peroxisomes, as well as, vacuoles, such as central vacuoles and things like that. And so this here really just, is outlining, the organelles of the endomembrane system and grouping them by their functions, and we'll get to talk more about each of these organelles that are on here as we move forward in our course. So that being said, I'll see you all in our next video.
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