Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
DNA Structure
DNA consists of a sequence of four nucleotide bases: adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G). The specific order of these bases encodes genetic information, with each sequence corresponding to different instructions for building proteins and regulating cellular functions.
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Base Pairing and Stability
The secondary structure of DNA is characterized by its double helix formation, where bases pair specifically (A with T and C with G) through hydrogen bonds. This complementary base pairing not only stabilizes the structure but also allows for accurate replication and transcription of genetic information.
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Genetic Code
The genetic code is a set of rules that defines how sequences of nucleotide bases correspond to amino acids, the building blocks of proteins. This code is crucial for translating the information stored in DNA into functional proteins, which are essential for the growth, maintenance, and regulation of cellular activities.
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