VISUAL SKILLS Visualize the structural formula of each of the following hydrocarbons. Which hydrocarbon has a double bond in its carbon skeleton? a. C3H8 b. C2H6 c. C2H4 d. C2H2

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the general formula for alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes: Alkanes (CnH2n+2), Alkenes (CnH2n), Alkynes (CnH2n-2).
2. Analyze each hydrocarbon to determine its classification based on the number of hydrogens and carbons.
3. For C3H8, apply the alkane formula: CnH2n+2. With n=3, it fits C3H8, indicating no double bonds.
4. For C2H6, apply the alkane formula: CnH2n+2. With n=2, it fits C2H6, indicating no double bonds.
5. For C2H4, apply the alkene formula: CnH2n. With n=2, it fits C2H4, indicating a double bond in its carbon skeleton.

Key Concepts

Hydrocarbons

Hydrocarbons are organic compounds consisting entirely of hydrogen and carbon atoms. They can be classified into aliphatic (straight or branched chains) and aromatic (ring structures) types. Understanding the basic structure of hydrocarbons is essential for identifying their properties and reactivity.

Structural Formula

The structural formula of a compound represents the arrangement of atoms within the molecule, showing how the atoms are bonded to each other. It provides insight into the molecular geometry and can indicate the presence of functional groups, such as double bonds, which are crucial for determining the compound's chemical behavior.

Double Bonds

A double bond occurs when two pairs of electrons are shared between two atoms, typically between carbon atoms in hydrocarbons. This type of bond affects the molecule's geometry and reactivity, making it important to identify in hydrocarbons, as it distinguishes alkenes (which contain double bonds) from alkanes (which do not).