1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology5h 40m
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components12h 37m
3. Energy & Cell Processes10h 7m
4. Tissues & Histology10h 3m
5. Integumentary System2h 20m
6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue2h 16m
7. The Skeletal System2h 35m
8. Joints2h 17m
9. Muscle Tissue2h 33m
10. Muscles1h 11m
11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System1h 35m
12. The Central Nervous System1h 6m
- Introduction to the Central Nervous System
  18m
- The Cerebrum
  48m
13. The Peripheral Nervous System1h 26m
14. The Autonomic Nervous System1h 38m
15. The Special Senses2h 41m
16. The Endocrine System2h 48m
17. The Blood1h 22m
18. The Heart1h 42m
19. The Blood Vessels3h 35m
20. The Lymphatic System3h 16m
21. The Immune System14h 37m
22. The Respiratory System3h 20m
23. The Digestive System2h 5m
24. Metabolism and Nutrition4h 0m
25. The Urinary System2h 39m
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance Coming soon
27. The Reproductive System2h 5m
28. Human Development1h 21m
29. Heredity Coming soon

3. Energy & Cell Processes

Redox Reactions

Anatomy & Physiology

3. Energy & Cell Processes

Redox Reactions

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Problem 5

Textbook Question

What is the oxidizing agent in the following reaction? Pyruvate+NADH+H+→Lactate+NAD+ a. oxygen b. NADH c. lactate d. pyruvate

Verified step by step guidance

Identify the role of each component in the reaction: Pyruvate, NADH, H+, Lactate, and NAD+.

Understand that an oxidizing agent is a substance that gains electrons in a chemical reaction.

Recognize that in this reaction, NADH is being converted to NAD+, indicating it is losing electrons.

Determine which component is gaining electrons. Pyruvate is being converted to Lactate, suggesting it is gaining electrons.

Conclude that the substance gaining electrons (Pyruvate) is the oxidizing agent.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Oxidizing Agent

An oxidizing agent is a substance that gains electrons in a chemical reaction, causing another substance to be oxidized. In redox reactions, the oxidizing agent is reduced while facilitating the oxidation of another reactant. Identifying the oxidizing agent is crucial for understanding electron transfer processes in biochemical reactions.

Redox Reactions

Redox reactions, short for reduction-oxidation reactions, involve the transfer of electrons between two species. One species is oxidized (loses electrons) while the other is reduced (gains electrons). In the context of cellular metabolism, these reactions are vital for energy production and are often coupled with metabolic pathways like glycolysis and fermentation.

NADH and NAD+

NADH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) is a reduced form of NAD+, a coenzyme involved in redox reactions. NADH acts as an electron donor, while NAD+ serves as an electron acceptor. In the given reaction, the conversion of pyruvate to lactate involves the reduction of NAD+ to NADH, highlighting the role of these coenzymes in metabolic processes.