Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Cell Cycle
The cell cycle is a series of phases that a cell goes through to grow and divide. It consists of interphase (which includes G1, S, and G2 phases) and the mitotic phase (M phase). During the S phase, DNA replication occurs, resulting in the duplication of the cell's genetic material.
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DNA Replication
DNA replication is the process by which a cell makes an identical copy of its DNA. This occurs during the S phase of the cell cycle, where each chromosome is duplicated, leading to two sister chromatids for each chromosome. If a cell starts with a certain amount of DNA, it will double that amount by the end of the S phase.
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Introduction to DNA Replication
Picograms of DNA
A picogram is a unit of mass equal to one trillionth of a gram (10^-12 grams). In the context of DNA, it is used to measure the amount of genetic material present in a cell. Understanding the measurement in picograms helps in quantifying the DNA content before and after replication during the cell cycle.
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