Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Polarity of Molecules
Polarity refers to the distribution of electrical charge over the atoms in a molecule. Nonpolar covalent bonds occur when electrons are shared equally between atoms, resulting in no significant charge difference. In contrast, polar covalent bonds involve unequal sharing of electrons, leading to partial positive and negative charges, which affects solubility in water.
Recommended video:
Solubility Principles
Solubility is the ability of a substance to dissolve in a solvent, such as water. The principle 'like dissolves like' indicates that polar substances tend to dissolve in polar solvents (like water), while nonpolar substances do not. This is due to the interactions between molecules; polar molecules form hydrogen bonds with water, while nonpolar molecules do not interact favorably with water.
Recommended video:
Glomerular Filtration Pressure
Ionic vs. Covalent Bonds
Ionic bonds form between atoms that transfer electrons, resulting in charged ions that attract each other. These ionic compounds are typically soluble in water due to their ability to dissociate into ions, which interact with water molecules. In contrast, covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons, and the solubility of covalent compounds depends on their polarity, with nonpolar covalent compounds being generally insoluble in water.
Recommended video: